For many women with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), hormonal fluctuations can significantly influence symptoms. These hormonal shifts, especially during the menstrual cycle, often worsen digestive issues like bloating, constipation, or diarrhoea.
Understanding how hormones affect IBS can help women manage their symptoms more effectively.
Hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone play a major role in regulating digestion. Throughout a woman’s menstrual cycle, these hormones fluctuate, affecting gut motility and sensitivity.
In the second half of the cycle (luteal phase), progesterone levels rise, slowing digestion, which may lead to constipation. Women with IBS-C (constipation-predominant IBS) often find their symptoms worsening during this time.
As progesterone drops and oestrogen rises just before menstruation, women with IBS-D (diarrhoea-predominant IBS) may experience more frequent bowel movements, diarrhoea, or bloating.
Hormonal changes also heighten gut sensitivity, making women more prone to cramping and discomfort.
While hormones are beyond control, women can take steps to reduce their impact on IBS:
Hormonal fluctuations, particularly during the menstrual cycle, can significantly influence IBS symptoms in women.
By recognising how hormones impact digestion and using strategies like symptom tracking, a low FODMAP diet, regular exercise, and stress management, women can better manage their IBS.
Consulting with a healthcare provider may also offer relief for those with more severe symptoms.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterised by chronic abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits.
However, not all IBS is the same; there are several subtypes, each with distinct symptoms and management strategies.
Understanding your specific IBS subtype can help tailor treatment and improve symptom control. This blog post explores the different IBS subtypes, how to identify them, and evidence-based strategies for managing each type.
IBS is generally classified into three main subtypes based on the predominant bowel habit:
IBS-C is characterised by infrequent, hard, and difficult-to-pass stools. This can lead to discomfort and bloating, making daily life challenging.
Dietary Changes
Increasing dietary fibre can help alleviate constipation. Soluble fibre, found in foods like oats, apples, and carrots, is generally better tolerated and effective for IBS-C. A study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that soluble fibre supplements significantly improved symptoms in IBS-C patients (Ford et al., 2014).
Hydration
Adequate water intake is crucial for preventing and managing constipation. Aim to drink at least 8 glasses of water per day to keep things moving smoothly.
Physical Activity
Regular exercise can help stimulate bowel movements. Activities like walking, jogging, and yoga are particularly beneficial for promoting regularity.
Medication
If dietary and lifestyle alteration is not effective, laxatives and stool softeners may be used for short-term relief if instructed by your doctor. For chronic constipation, prescription medications may be considered.
Probiotics
Certain probiotic strains have been shown to improve constipation symptoms in IBS-C patients. See a specialist dietitian for more direction on this.
IBS-D involves frequent, loose, and watery stools, which can lead to urgency and abdominal pain.
Dietary Changes
A low FODMAP diet can help reduce diarrhoea and other IBS symptoms by avoiding foods that ferment in the gut and produce gas. According to a study published in Gastroenterology, 70% of IBS-D patients experienced symptom relief with a low FODMAP diet (Halmos et al., 2014).
Hydration
Staying hydrated is essential when managing diarrhoea. Oral rehydration solutions or electrolyte drinks can help maintain fluid and electrolyte balance.
Medication
If dietary change is not effective, over-the-counter antidiarrheal medications like loperamide can provide short-term relief if directed by your doctor. For chronic diarrhoea, prescription medications may be used.
Probiotics
Certain probiotic strains have been shown to reduce diarrhoea and improve gut health in IBS-D patients. See a specialist dietitian for more direction on this.
IBS-M is characterised by alternating symptoms of constipation and diarrhoea, making it one of the more complex subtypes to manage.
Dietary Changes
Since IBS-M involves alternating symptoms, a balanced diet that includes both soluble fibre and low FODMAP foods can be beneficial. Keeping a food diary to track triggers and symptoms can help manage this subtype effectively.
Stress Management
Stress can exacerbate IBS symptoms. Techniques like mindfulness meditation, deep breathing exercises, and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) can help manage stress and improve symptoms.
Medication
Depending on the predominant symptom, medications used for IBS-C or IBS-D may be prescribed. See a specialist dietitian for more direction on this.
In Conclusion
Understanding the specific subtype of IBS you have is crucial for effective management. By identifying whether you have IBS-C, IBS-D or IBS-M, you can tailor your diet, lifestyle, and medical treatments to better control symptoms and improve your quality of life.
Remember, managing IBS often requires a multifaceted approach, so consider combining dietary changes, stress management techniques, and appropriate medications under the guidance of a healthcare provider for the most effective relief!
Ford, A. C., Moayyedi, P., Lacy, B. E., Lembo, A. J., Saito, Y. A., Schiller, L., ... & Quigley, E. M. M. (2014). American College of Gastroenterology Monograph on the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Chronic Idiopathic Constipation. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 109(S1), S2-S26. DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2014.187.
Halmos, E. P., Power, V. A., Shepherd, S. J., Gibson, P. R., & Muir, J. G. (2014). A diet low in FODMAPs reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology, 146(1), 67-75.e5. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.09.046.
Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) with a low FODMAP diet can be challenging, especially when it comes to meal preparation.
Having a well-stocked kitchen with low FODMAP staples can make cooking easier and help you stay on track with your low FODMAP needs! This blog post outlines essential pantry and fridge items for maintaining a low FODMAP diet, making meal preparation simpler and IBS-friendly.
Gluten-Free Grains and Flours
Canned Goods
Sweeteners
Herbs and Spices
Cooking Oils and Fats
Low FODMAP Vegetables (keep in mind serving sizes matter!)
Low FODMAP Fruits (keep in mind serving sizes matter!)
Dairy and Dairy Alternatives
Protein Sources
Frozen Low FODMAP Vegetables
Frozen Fruits
Pre-cooked Grains
Protein options
By keeping these essential pantry and fridge staples on hand, you can simplify meal preparation and ensure your meals are IBS-friendly!
Remember, managing IBS is about finding what works best for you, so don't be afraid to experiment and adjust your staples as needed.
Monash University. (n.d.). The Monash University Low FODMAP Diet App. Retrieved from Monash FODMAP
Ford, A. C., Talley, N. J., Spiegel, B. M., Foxx-Orenstein, A. E., Schiller, L., Quigley, E. M., & Moayyedi, P. (2014). Effect of fibre, antispasmodics, and peppermint oil in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ, 348, g1697.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is not only influenced by dietary factors but also by psychological ones.
Stress and anxiety are known to exacerbate IBS symptoms, making stress management an essential component of IBS management.
This blog post explores the connection between stress and IBS and offers actionable stress-relief techniques for those following a low FODMAP diet.
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system, which governs the function of the gastrointestinal tract.
Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading to the release of stress hormones such as cortisol.
These hormones can affect gut motility, increase intestinal permeability, and alter the gut microbiome, all of which can worsen IBS symptoms (Moloney et al., 2016).
Research has shown that individuals with IBS often have heightened sensitivity to stress.
This can lead to a vicious cycle where stress exacerbates IBS symptoms, which in turn increases stress and anxiety.
Common stress-related triggers include work pressure, financial concerns, and emotional distress (van Tilburg et al., 2013).
Actionable Stress Management Techniques for IBS Relief:
Stress management is a crucial aspect of managing IBS.
By incorporating mindfulness techniques, regular physical activity, cognitive behavioural therapy, adequate sleep, healthy eating habits, and seeking support, individuals with IBS can better manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life.
Balancing stress and dietary management, such as following a low FODMAP diet, can lead to a more holistic approach to IBS relief.
References
Lackner, J. M., Jaccard, J., & Baum, C. (2018). Patient-reported outcomes for irritable bowel syndrome are associated with patients' severity ratings of gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological factors. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 16(4), 636-643.
Moloney, R. D., Johnson, A. C., O'Mahony, S. M., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2016). Stress and the microbiota-gut-brain axis in visceral pain: relevance to irritable bowel syndrome. CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, 22(2), 102-117.
van Tilburg, M. A., Palsson, O. S., & Whitehead, W. E. (2013). Which psychological factors exacerbate irritable bowel syndrome? Development of a comprehensive model. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 74(6), 486-492.
Zernicke, K. A., Campbell, T. S., Blustein, P. K., & Fung, T. S. (2013). Mindfulness-based stress reduction for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms: A randomized wait-list controlled trial. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 20(3), 385-396.
Are you tired of battling recurring digestive issues that impact your daily life? You're not alone!
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a gut disorder affecting millions worldwide!
In this blog post, we'll delve into the facts about IBS, exploring its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and management strategies.
So, grab yourself a cup of tea, relax, and let's explore all things IBS together.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder primarily affecting the large intestine or colon.
It is characterised by a range of uncomfortable symptoms, including:
While the exact cause of IBS remains unclear, research suggests that abnormalities in gut-brain communication, an imbalance of bacteria in the gut, and altered intestinal function may contribute to its development [1].
However, more research is needed to uncover the exact causes of IBS.
Read more about causes of IBS here.
Accurate diagnosis of IBS involves a thorough evaluation by your healthcare professional.
When you visit your healthcare professional, they'll dig into your medical history, give you a physical check-up, and maybe even run some tests to rule out any other nasties. They use a tool called the Rome IV criteria to figure out if your symptoms match the IBS profile [2].
Maintaining a symptom journal can also be helpful before seeing your Doctor or Dietitian, as it allows you to track patterns and provide valuable information about your food and bowel habits to help create a plan for you and your symptoms [3].
Let’s talk triggers!
Often IBS symptoms stem from the digestion of foods that are high in fermentable carbohydrates, called FODMAPs.
While triggers of IBS can vary among individuals, certain lifestyle and dietary factors have commonly been associated with worsening symptoms!
Some basic lifestyle habits that may make your IBS worse:
Identifying personal food triggers is crucial for effectively managing your symptoms! This can be done with the help of a specialist Dietitian.
Now, let's talk about taking control of your IBS like a total boss. Although there's no magic cure for IBS, various strategies can help manage and alleviate symptoms, and improve your overall quality of life.
Lifestyle modifications can play such a huge role in symptom control. I’m talking about stress management techniques such as:
These can all have a positive impact on IBS symptoms [4].
Eating a balanced diet is also an important contributor to symptom relief.
Some individuals find relief by adopting a low FODMAP diet, which involves reducing specific carbohydrates that can trigger symptoms [5], however, this should only be done under the guidance of a specialist Dietitian.
To fine-tune your strategy, team up with a healthcare professional and registered dietitian who can help you customise your dietary changes to your unique needs.
Medications like antispasmodics or laxatives may be prescribed to target specific symptoms also, but again, it's crucial to work closely with your healthcare team and specialist Dietitian to determine the most suitable approach for your unique needs [6].
We know that dealing with a chronic condition like IBS can feel like a real challenge. But please remember, you're never alone in this journey!
Reach out to your squad — family, friends, and even online communities where you can connect with fellow warriors who truly get what you're going through.
Sharing experiences, tips, and coping strategies can be a game-changer in managing the ups and downs of living with IBS.
So, put on that smile, stay proactive, and make self-care your superpower on this IBS journey and don’t forget to reach out to your healthcare team and Dietitian to support you along the way!
Check out our library of resources created by our specialist Dietitian to help you on your journey to IBS freedom.
While IBS is a chronic condition and may never truly resolve, there are several prevention strategies that individuals can implement to manage their symptoms effectively and live with IBS relatively freely.
Here are some strategies that may help prevent IBS flare-ups.
The first step in preventing IBS flare-ups is to identify your personal triggers. If you have not done this, it is time to see a specialist Dietitian and take this first step to finding relief: click here!
FODMAPs are certain types of carbohydrates that are poorly absorbed in the small intestine, leading to symptoms like bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea in people with IBS.
Following a low-FODMAP diet can help reduce IBS symptoms, but this should only be followed for a maximum of 6 weeks unless otherwise directed by your Dietitian. It is recommended to work with a specialist dietitian to go through the low FODMAP process. Click here for our recommended specialist Dietitian.
Eating smaller, more frequent meals, chewing food thoroughly, and avoiding trigger foods can help reduce the risk of IBS symptoms flaring up.
Stress management techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, and yoga can help reduce stress levels and prevent IBS flare-ups.
Regular exercise is also an effective stress management tool that can help improve digestion and prevent constipation.
Low intensity exercise can help improve digestion and prevent constipation. Walking, jogging, swimming, and cycling are all effective forms of exercise.
If you're taking medications that are causing IBS symptoms, talk to your Doctor or Dietitian about switching to a different medication or adjusting your dosage.
In some cases, medications may be necessary to manage symptoms.
IBS flare-ups can be very uncomfortable, but with the help of a specialist dietitian to identify triggers and implement prevention strategies, we can help manage your symptoms effectively.
If you want to learn more about how to resolve your IBS symptoms for good, identify your triggers and rebuild a healthy gut, visit @theibsprogram for more information!
The IBS Program is a unique program with a proven framework designed to get you relief for your IBS symptoms as fast and as effectively as possible.
Author: Ellen Kessling, Accredited Practicing Dietitian, IBS & FODMAP Specialist
Ellen is an Accredited Practicing Dietitian & Nutritionist specialising in women’s health, gastrointestinal health and the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.
Ellen completed her 4-year Health Science Degree at the University of Adelaide, and then went on to complete her 2-year Master's degree in Nutrition & Dietetics at Flinders University. She is a trained Monash FODMAP Dietitian and has developed expertise in gut health and IBS management, and enjoys the area of women’s health, including skin, hormones, fertility, and pre & post pregnancy nutrition.
She loves treating all areas of women's health with a holistic and empathetic approach to practice and encourages sustainable, long-term changes rather than quick fixes. She has a focus on packages and programs in her practice to provide more ongoing, specialised care and support beyond what a 1:1 consultation can offer.
She believes a well-rounded, holistic approach to care leads to more effective and sustainable results in her clients.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common digestive disorder that affects millions of people worldwide.
It is a chronic condition that can cause significant discomfort and inconvenience to those who suffer from it.
One of the most challenging aspects of IBS is the unpredictable nature of flare-ups.
However, understanding the triggers of IBS flare-ups and implementing prevention strategies can help individuals manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.
The causes of IBS are not well understood, but there are several factors that can trigger flare-ups.
These triggers can vary from person to person, so it's essential to identify your personal triggers to manage your symptoms effectively.
Food plays a significant role in IBS flare-ups.
Certain foods can trigger symptoms, while others can help prevent them.
Fatty foods, caffeine, alcohol, and spicy foods are common triggers for many people with IBS.
Certain foods high in FODMAPs, or combinations of different high FODMAP foods can also be the cause of your ongoing flare ups. It is important to work with a specialist dietitian to identify your specific FODMAP triggers so you can prevent future flare ups.
Get help from a specialist dietitian here.
Eating large meals or consuming food quickly can put a strain on the digestive system and disrupt its normal digestive function, leading to IBS symptoms such as bloating, abdominal pain, discomfort, gas, diarrhea, and constipation.
Eating smaller, more frequent meals, chewing food thoroughly, and avoiding trigger foods can help reduce the risk of IBS symptoms flaring up.
Find your correct portion sizes and your trigger foods with the help of a specialist dietitian here.
Stress is a common trigger for IBS symptoms.
When a person experiences stress, it can cause the body to release certain hormones, such as cortisol and adrenaline, which can affect the digestive system. These hormones can increase the sensitivity of the nerves in the digestive system, causing pain and discomfort.
Stress can also cause changes in gut motility, or the movement of food and waste through the digestive system. In some people, stress can cause the digestive system to speed up, leading to diarrhea. In others, it can slow down, causing constipation.
Stress can also affect the gut microbiome, which is the community of bacteria that live in the digestive system. Stress can alter the balance of bacteria in the gut, leading to inflammation and other changes that can trigger IBS symptoms.
Women with IBS may experience flare-ups during their menstrual cycle due to hormonal changes.
Hormonal changes can impact IBS because hormones can affect the functioning of the digestive system.
For example, the hormone progesterone can cause the muscles in the digestive system to relax, which can lead to constipation. This is why women may experience IBS symptoms leading up to their menstrual cycle bleed, pregnancy, or menopause.
Certain medications can irritate the digestive tract and cause IBS symptoms. Examples include antibiotics, antidepressants, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Some medications may also contain small amounts of FODMAPs which may also flare symptoms. Check whether your medications may be causing your symptoms by asking a specialist dietitian here.
Infections can cause temporary IBS symptoms, or in some cases, these symptoms may persist even after the infection has cleared up.
Infections can cause an IBS flare-up by disrupting the normal functioning of the digestive system, causing inflammation, and altering the balance of bacteria in the gut microbiome. Managing infections promptly and effectively, and following up with a Dietitian soon after can help reduce the risk of developing long-term IBS symptoms.
We emphasise the importance of identifying personal triggers to manage symptoms effectively, because if you know what is causing your IBS, you have the power to prevent occurrence of your symptoms.
Through The IBS Program, we help clients step through the management and identify where the triggers are coming from, so we can reduce the control your IBS has over you and repair your gut for long term better health.
Prevention strategies such as working with a specialist dietitian to identify FODMAP triggers, eating smaller, more frequent meals, and reducing stress levels are recommended to improve the quality of life for people with IBS.
Promptly managing infections and following up with a dietitian after medication use is also recommended to reduce the risk of long-term IBS symptoms.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects approximately 11% of the global population.
It is characterised by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel habits, which can significantly impact a person's quality of life.
Despite being a common condition, the exact cause of IBS is not fully understood. However, researchers have made significant strides in recent years in identifying the potential causes of IBS.
In this post, we will explore the 7 causes of IBS, based on the latest research.
Dysbiosis refers to an imbalance in the gut bacteria, or microbiota.
The first cause of IBS is said to be the disrupted balance of the gut microbiota which is a collection of microorganisms that reside in the human gut. Dysbiosis, or alterations in the gut microbiota, may play a role in the development of IBS.
Studies have shown that patients with IBS have a less diverse gut microbiota compared to healthy individuals.
Additionally, changes in the abundance of specific bacteria, such as increased levels of Methanobrevibacter smithii and decreased levels of Bifidobacterium, have been observed in patients with IBS (1).
Intestinal inflammation has been identified as the second potential cause of IBS.
Studies have shown that patients with IBS have increased levels of inflammatory markers in their blood and stool samples (2).
Additionally, some patients with IBS have been found to have increased intestinal permeability, which may allow harmful substances to enter the bloodstream and trigger an immune response (2).
The third cause of IBS is prolonged food intolerances. Food intolerances are a common trigger for IBS symptoms.
Certain foods, such as those high in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs), can cause digestive discomfort in some individuals.
A low FODMAP diet has been shown to improve symptoms in patients with IBS (3).
In some cases, IBS can be triggered by an infection or parasite in the gut. This is known as post-infectious IBS (PI-IBS). This is the fourth cause of IBS.
Studies have shown that individuals who develop PI-IBS after an infection may have changes in the gut microbiota, increased intestinal permeability, and immune activation (4).
Psychological triggers, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, have been identified as potential causes of IBS.
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system between the central nervous system and the gut. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of gastrointestinal function, including motility, secretion, and immune response (5).
Psychological stress can disrupt the gut-brain axis and lead to the development of IBS symptoms.
Studies have shown that patients with IBS have higher levels of psychological distress compared to healthy individuals (5).
Chronic stress and anxiety can increase intestinal permeability, activate the immune system, and alter the gut microbiota, all of which may contribute to the development of IBS symptoms.
Additionally, depression has been found to be a risk factor for the development of IBS (5).
Prolonged use of antibiotics has been associated with the development of IBS.
Antibiotics can alter the gut microbiota, leading to dysbiosis and potentially causing IBS symptoms.
A study found that individuals who had received more then three courses of antibiotics had a significantly increased risk of developing IBS compared to those who had received fewer courses (6).
Genetics may also play a role in the development of IBS.
Studies have shown that there may be a genetic predisposition to IBS, with certain genetic variants being associated with an increased risk of developing the condition (7).
However, more research is needed to fully understand the genetic factors underlying IBS.
While the exact cause of IBS is not fully understood, researchers have made significant strides in identifying the 7 potential causes of IBS, a common gastrointestinal disorder.
Dysbiosis, intestinal inflammation, food intolerances, infection and parasites, psychological triggers, prolonged use of antibiotics, and genetics have all been identified as potential causes of IBS.
Further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms behind these potential causes and to develop more effective treatments for this condition.
Download a FREE low FODMAP meal plan and get started with your symptom relief today.
Before explaining what the low FODMAP diet is, there are a few things that most people don't know before starting the low FODMAP diet.
See The IBS Program for more information on how to undergo the low FODMAP diet properly and resolve your symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
The low FODMAP diet is a 3 phased diet, designed for those with Irritable Bowel Syndrome to help reduce and manage their symptoms.
The low FODMAP diet is designed to reduce the consumption of certain foods called fermentable carbohydrates or FODMAPs, which can lead to symptoms in those with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).
Certain foods are fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs) which can undergo different processes during digestion, causing symptoms such as bloating, gas, urgency, abdominal pain, discomfort and varied bowel habits such as constipation and diarrhoea, or a combination of both.
If you have been diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, please book an appointment with a Dietitian to undergo The IBS Program and manage your symptoms within just a few weeks.
If you suspect you may suffer from Irritable Bowel Syndrome, please book an appointment to consult with a qualified Dietitian.
When you receive a diagnosis for Irritable Bowel Syndrome from your doctor or Gastroenterologist it is then suitable for you to consult with a Dietitian about undergoing the low FODMAP diet.
If you are experiencing symptoms and are unsure if you may have it, a Dietitian can help to guide you with what to do next.
Book an online appointment with a qualified Dietitian here.
For those suffering with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, the low FODMAP diet provides a variety of foods that are less fermentable and hence less symptoms causing for those suffering with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
The low FODMAP diet is not a lifelong diet.
It is important that you undergo the low FODMAP diet under the supervision of a qualified Dietitian trained in the area. The complete low FODMAP diet process looks different for every individual, but the maximum amount of time on the low FODMAP diet should only be 8-12 weeks unless otherwise specified by your Dietitian.
If you are suffering from symptoms of bloating, excessive gas, discomfort, abdominal pain, urgency, or varied bowel habits ranging from constipation to diarrhoea, please see The IBS Program to gain relief from your IBS.
Download our FREE Low FODMAP Meal Plan below.